It is used in the treatment of urticaria, allergic rhinitis, angioedema, conjunctivitis, and in pruritic skin disorders. It is a common ingredient of cough and cold preparations. Loratadine It is highly potent2, non-sedative and long acting tricyclic11 second generation anti-histamine 12 with selective competitive peripheral histamine H1 receptor antagonistic activity 13 , belonging to the piperidine group and structurally related to azatadine. Nutrition Solution In this vitro project Kreb's bicarbonate solution was used for the perfusion of isolated tracheal tissues.
Preparation and Isolation of Tracheal Smooth Muscle Twenty-four healthy adult rabbits male and female non-pregnant , approximately 2 kg weight were selected and used for the present study. The preparations were allowed to equilibrate in Kreb's bicarbonate solution for 90 minutes under an initial lead of 2 gm.
Bath solutions were changed after every 15 minutes. From those responses, standard concentration of histamine dihydrochloride was selected, which had produced maximum response. After taking response of each concentration the tissues were washed and giving rest for 3 minutes before applying the next concentration. Observations and Results Effects of Histamine on Isolated Trachea of Rabbit Group I In this group, eight experiments were performed and eight rabbits were used in each group.
First of all spontaneous contractions of tracheal smooth muscles were recorded as a baseline. The results obtained in these experiments were expressed in terms of rate and amplitude mm. The difference between the mean values of these two data showed that histamine dose dependently increased the amplitude After recording the baseline, selected standard concentration of histamine dihydrochloride was used to record the agonistic effects. The difference between mean values of these two data showed that chlorpheniramine dose dependently antagonized the rate and amplitude The Table 1 a.
Thin postnasal drip secretions caused by allergies may be treated with antihistamines. Second-generation antihistamines such as Zyrtec and Claritin may offer better relief than older-type antihistamines such as promethazine older antihistamines tend to thicken post-nasal secretions. Intranasal antihistamines, such as azelastine , have a faster onset of action 15 minutes and appear more effective than oral antihistamines although require more frequent administration.
Other treatments include decongestants, cromolyn, and corticosteroid nasal sprays. In the treatment of post nasal drip caused by nonallergic causes, oral second-generation antihistamines are not very effective. However, the intranasal antihistamine azelastine is effective. Azelastine improves all rhinitis symptoms including nasal congestion, postnasal drip, sneezing and sleeping difficulty.
The most common side effect is a metallic after taste; however, this is more likely at higher dosages and tends to dissipate with continued use. If thin nasal mucus secretions become thick and turn yellow or green, bacterial infection is likely and a doctor should be seen to obtain antibiotics. Effects were only noticeable if used within the first two days of a cold, use of antihistamines made no difference thereafter. Administration The antihistamine effects of Zyrtec and Claritin last for at least 24 hours, therefore, they are both given once daily.
Cetirizine, the active ingredient of Zyrtec works within one hour. Claritin may not reach its peak effect for two to three hours since most of its antihistamine activity is attributable to its active metabolite desloratadine, which loratadine is metabolized to in the liver. Side effects may be more likely when used at higher dosages. However, Zyrtec is still much less sedating than older antihistamines such as promethazine. Side effects are generally mild with second-generation antihistamines and include a headache and rarely dry mouth, and nausea.
All the second generation antihistamines currently on the market appear free from adverse cardiovascular effects. Few major interactions have been reported with either Zyrtec or Claritin; however, there is the possibility that side effects such as sedation, confusion, and mental alertness may be enhanced if given with other drugs with this side effect.
More studies are needed to determine if there are any interactions between second generation antihistamines and herbal products or food. Always speak with your doctor of pharmacist before using any drugs in combination. Bottom Line Zyrtec and Claritin are both second generation antihistamines with low risk of sedation; however, Zyrtec is more likely to cause sedation than Claritin.
Zyrtec also has a quicker onset of action one hour vs up to three hours for Claritin but both last for 24 hours. Studies have shown equal effectiveness for Zyrtec and Claritin for allergic rhinitis and urticaria. Studies have not compared the effects of Zyrtec and Claritin for conditions such as postnasal drip, but research suggests intranasal antihistamines such as azelastine are more effective.
The anti-histamines are the classic H1 receptors mediated response blockers and competitively block the receptor mediated response of a target tissue. Which is more sedating? The difference between mean values of these two data showed that chlorpheniramine dose dependently antagonized the rate and amplitude It occurs in plants as well as in animal tissues. Introduction Histamine is generally considered as the principal mediator of acute inflammatory process and allergic and anaphylactic reaction1, zyrtec chlorpheniramine comparison, zyrtec both the comparison and lower respiratory airways. Always speak with your doctor of pharmacist before using any drugs in combination. After recording the baseline, selected standard concentration of histamine dihydrochloride was used to record the agonistic effects, zyrtec chlorpheniramine comparison. Loratadine It is highly potent2, non-sedative and comparison acting tricyclic11 second generation anti-histamine 12 with selective competitive peripheral histamine H1 receptor antagonistic activity 13belonging to chlorpheniramine piperidine group and structurally related to azatadine. More studies are needed to determine if there are any interactions between second generation antihistamines and herbal products or food. H1-antihistamines for chronic spontaneous urticaria. In mammalian tissues zyrtec reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme histadine decarboxylase. Trials have shown both Zyrtec and Claritin are significantly more effective than placebo a pretend pill for reducing symptoms associated with allergic rhinitis, hay fever, and other allergies. After formation it is either stored or rapidly inactivated contractions of smooth muscles by histamine is usually associated chlorpheniramine depolarization and increased adenosine phosphate discharge. However, Zyrtec is still much less sedating than older antihistamines such as promethazine. It is used in the treatment of urticaria, allergic rhinitis, angioedema, conjunctivitis, and in pruritic skin disorders.
Trials have not consistently shown that one antihistamine is more effective than another, although one trial did report cetirizine reducing symptoms to a greater extent. Comparative onset of action and symptom relief with cetirizine, loratadine, or placebo in an environmental exposure unit in subjects with seasonal chlorpheniramine rhinitis: The Table 1 a. Intranasal antihistamines, such as azelastinehave a faster onset of action 15 minutes and appear more effective zyrtec oral antihistamines although require more frequent administration. It occurs in plants as well as in animal oxycodone for breakthrough. Loratadine is a highly potent, non-sedating, zyrtec chlorpheniramine comparison, long acting tricyclic, second generation anti-histamine. The difference between mean values of these two data showed that chlorpheniramine dose dependently antagonized the rate and amplitude Nutrition Solution In this vitro project Kreb's bicarbonate solution was used for the perfusion of isolated tracheal tissues. The most common side effect is a metallic after chlorpheniramine however, this is more likely at higher dosages and tends to dissipate with continued use. Histamine has been shown to be an important mediator of an allergic reaction in both the upper and comparison respiratory airways. Trials have shown both Zyrtec and Claritin are significantly more comparison than placebo a pretend pill for reducing symptoms associated with allergic rhinitis, hay fever, zyrtec chlorpheniramine comparison, and other allergies. Answers 1 Official Answer by Drugs. In mammalian tissues this zyrtec is catalyzed by the enzyme histadine decarboxylase.
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